Brain scans reveal two distinct autism subtypes with different underlying biology

International researchers from the Italian Institute of Technology and Child Mind Institute have identified at least two distinct autism subtypes based on patterns of brain connectivity. The 'hyperconnectivity' subtype shows increased communication between brain areas, while the 'hypoconnectivity' subtype exhibits reduced communication. This breakthrough discovery, which analyzed brain imaging data across multiple institutions including the University of Trento, suggests that autism may not be a single condition but rather distinct neurobiological variations. Understanding these differences could lead to more targeted and personalized treatment approaches for individuals with autism. The findings highlight the importance of advanced neuroimaging in uncovering the biological foundations of neurodevelopmental conditions.