Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma: A Clinical and Pathological Review

Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma (NX) is a rare granulomatous skin condition characterized by the formation of yellowish nodules and plaques, often associated with systemic diseases such as diabetes and paraproteinemia. This clinical-pathological review, authored by dermatology experts from Puerto Rico's leading medical institutions, examines the diagnostic criteria, histopathological features, and clinical presentations of NX. The condition requires careful differential diagnosis from other granulomatous diseases and xanthomatous lesions. Understanding NX is essential for dermatologists and primary care physicians to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of affected patients.